Lesson 8: Describing Things and People
Learn how to describe objects, people, and situations using adjectives in Japanese
In this Lesson, you will learn how to use both い-adjectives and な-adjectives to describe characteristics, appearances, and qualities. You
Key topics:
- ・Using い-adjectives and な-adjectives
- ・Describing people
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Vocabulary
Conversation
Grammar Rules
Rule 1: い-adjectives
い-adjectives are a class of adjectives that always end in い (e.g., おおきい, たのしい). They can directly modify a following noun without any extra particle—just put the adjective before the noun. When used as a predicate (ending a sentence), the plain form is the adjective alone, but you add です to make it polite. Unlike な-adjectives, they conjugate by changing the ending itself.
Rule 2: な-adjectives
な-adjectives (also called
Rule 3: Negative form of adjectives
To make an い-adjective negative, replace the final い with くない (plain negative) and optionally add です for politeness (くないです is more conversational than the formal くありません). For な-adjectives, attach じゃありません (common in conversation), ではありません (more formal), or じゃないです (semi-formal) to the stem. All forms mean
Rule 4: Past form of adjectives
To express past tense (
Exercises
Question 1
Choose the correct way to say
______ くるまが ほしいです.
Question 2
この ケーキは とても ______ です.
Question 3
Choose the correct way to say
______ としょかんで べんきょうしました.
Question 4
この まちは ______ です.
Question 5
How do you say
Question 6
この へんは よる、べんり ______.
Question 7
What does
Question 8
むかし、この へんは ______ でした.
Question 9
How do you say
Question 10
きのうの てんきは ______ です.
Question 11
Choose the correct way to say
かのじょは ______ ひとです.
Question 12
Complete the casual sentence meaning
おいし ______.
Question 13
How do you say
Question 14
Complete the phrase meaning
______ なつ
Question 15
Choose the correct phrase meaning
Question 16
きのうの てんきは ______ です.
Question 17
What is the casual negative of しずか (quiet)?
Question 18
Complete the phrase meaning
______ ほん
Question 19
Choose the more formal negative of べんり (convenient).
Question 20
Complete the question meaning
たのし ______ ですか.