Lesson 7: Giving and Receiving
Learn to express giving, receiving, and borrowing actions in Japanese.
This lesson focuses on the verbs for giving, receiving, borrowing, and lending, along with common everyday objects. You will learn how to describe transactions, exchanges, and the transfer of items between people using the appropriate verbs and particles.

Key topics:
- ・Giving and receiving verbs (あげます、もらいます)
- ・Borrowing and lending (かします、かります)
- ・Everyday objects and tools
- ・Family terms (ちち、はは、おとうさん、おかあさん)
- ・Time expressions (もう、まだ、これから)
- ・Expressions for daily transactions
- ・Particle usage with giving/receiving verbs
Vocabulary
Conversation
Grammar Rules
Rule 1: Giving with あげます (agemasu)
Use あげます to express giving from an inside person (the speaker or the speaker
Rule 2: Receiving with もらいます (moraimasu)
Use もらいます to express receiving something from someone. The receiver is the subject (usually the speaker or the speaker
Rule 3: Lending with かします (kashimasu)
Use かします to express lending something to someone. The lender is the subject, the borrower is marked by に, and the thing lent is marked by を. This indicates a temporary transfer, with the expectation that the item will be returned.
Rule 4: Borrowing with かります (karimasu)
Use かります to express borrowing something from someone or someplace. The borrower is the subject, the lender or source is marked by に (for people) or から (for places/organizations), and the thing borrowed is marked by を.
Rule 5: Family Terms Distinction
In Japanese, you use humble terms (ちち, はは) for your own parents when speaking to outsiders, and respectful terms (おとうさん, おかあさん) for someone else
Exercises
Question 1
Choose the correct particle to complete the sentence meaning
わたしは ともだち ______ はなを あげます。
Question 2
Complete the sentence meaning
あには いもうと ______ ゲームを あげました。
Question 3
What does
Question 4
Complete the sentence meaning
ともだち ______ チケットを もらいました。
Question 5
Choose the correct sentence meaning
Question 6
Complete the sentence meaning
わたしは ともだち ______ おかねを かしました。
Question 7
What does
Question 8
Complete the sentence meaning
わたしは あに ______ CDを かりました。
Question 9
When speaking to your teacher about your father, which term should you use?
Question 10
Complete the sentence meaning
たなかさん ______ おかあさんは やさしいです。
Question 11
Which verb would you use to say
Question 12
Complete the sentence meaning
せんせい ______ はなを さしあげました。
Question 13
If you want to borrow a pen from your friend, which verb do you use?
Question 14
Complete the sentence meaning
わたしの ______ は せんせいです。
Question 15
In the sentence
Question 16
Complete the sentence meaning
せんせい ______ プレゼントを いただきました。
Question 17
How do you ask
Question 18
Complete the sentence meaning
わたしは あに ______ CDを かりました。
Question 19
When you are at home and want to call your father, what do you say?
Question 20
Complete the sentence meaning
ともだちに ほんを あげました。そして、ともだち ______ ペンを もらいました。