Chapter 24: Giving, Receiving, and Social Interactions
Learn verbs for giving, receiving, taking people places, and various social interactions including introductions and explanations
In this chapter, you will learn verbs for giving and receiving, taking people to places, sending, and various social interaction verbs. You
Key topics:
- ・Giving and receiving verbs
- ・Taking people to places
- ・Social interactions and introductions
- ・Sending and guiding
- ・Explaining and putting things in
- ・Directional verbs with different particles
Vocabulary
1
くれます
kuremasu
くれます
give (to me/us), give (from someone else
Example
ははがぼくにケーキをくれました.
Haha ga boku ni kēki o kuremashita.
My mother gave me a cake.
2
つれていきます
tsurete ikimasu
連れていきます
take (someone) along (to somewhere)
Example
こどもをえいがかんにつれていきます.
Kodomo o eigakan ni tsurete ikimasu.
I take my child to the cinema.
3
つれてきます
tsurete kimasu
連れてきます
bring (someone) along (to here)
Example
ともだちをパーティーにつれてきます.
Tomodachi o pātī ni tsurete kimasu.
I bring my friend to the party.
4
おくります
okurimasu
送ります
send, see off, accompany
Example
ひとをえきにおくります.
Hito o eki ni okurimasu.
I see someone off to the station.
5
しょうかいします
shōkai shimasu
紹介()します
introduce, present
Example
あたらしいともだちをしょうかいします.
Atarashii tomodachi o shōkai shimasu.
I introduce my new friend.
6
あんないします
annai shimasu
案内します
guide, show around, lead
Example
おきゃくさまをしょくどうにあんないします.
Okyakusama o shokudō ni annai shimasu.
I guide the guest to the dining room.
7
せつめいします
setsumei shimasu
説明します
explain, describe
Example
つかいかたをせつめいします.
Tsukaikata o setsumei shimasu.
I explain how to use it.
8
いれます
iremasu
入れます
put in, insert, include
Example
コーヒーにさとうをいれます.
Kōhī ni satō o iremasu.
I put sugar in the coffee.
9
ひと
hito
人
person, people
Example
ひとをえきにおくります.
Hito o eki ni okurimasu.
I see the person off to the station.
10
コーヒー
kōhī
-
coffee
Example
コーヒーをのみます.
Koohii o nomimasu.
I drink coffee.
Grammar Rules
Rule 1: Giving with くれます (to me/us)
Structure: [Giver] が/は [Receiver (me/in-group)] に [Object] を くれます
Use くれます when someone gives something to the speaker or to someone in the speaker
How to use: Take the giver (someone else), add が or は, then the receiver (me or my in-group), add に, then the object, add を, then くれます. Example: ともだち が わたし に ほん を くれました (My friend gave me a book). For present/future: くれます. For negative: くれません. To ask for something: 〜てくれますか (Will you do __ for me?). For
💡 Pro Tip: Do not confuse くれます with あげます. あげます is for giving from inside to outside (I give to someone). くれます is for giving from outside to inside (someone gives to me). Use くれます only when the receiver is me or my group. For
Examples
ともだちがわたしにほんをくれました.
Tomodachi ga watashi ni hon o kuremashita.
→ My friend gave me a book.
おかあさんがケーキをくれました.
Okāsan ga kēki o kuremashita.
→ My mother gave me cake.
Rule 2: Taking someone with つれていきます
Structure: [Person (taken)] を [Destination] に つれていきます
Use つれていきます to express taking someone along with you from your current location to another place. The verb is a combination of つれる (to take along) and いく (to go). The person being taken is marked with を (direct object), and the destination is marked with に. This implies that you are going together, and you are leading or accompanying them.
How to use: Take the person you are taking, add を, then the destination, add に, then つれていきます. Example: こども を がっこう に つれていきます (I take my child to school). For past: つれていきました (took). For negative: つれていきません (will not take). For casual: つれていく. To ask someone to take you: つれていってください (Please take me). The direction is away from the speaker
💡 Pro Tip: Do not confuse つれていきます (take someone away from here) with つれてきます (bring someone to here). For taking a pet, also use つれていきます: いぬをさんぽにつれていきます (take the dog for a walk). For taking an object (like a bag), use もっていきます (carry/take), not つれていきます (only for people/animals). For
Examples
こどもをがっこうにつれていきます.
Kodomo o gakkō ni tsurete ikimasu.
→ I take my child to school.
いぬをこうえんにつれていきます.
Inu o kōen ni tsurete ikimasu.
→ I take my dog to the park.
Rule 3: Bringing someone with つれてきます
Structure: [Person (brought)] を [Destination (here)] に つれてきます
Use つれてきます to express bringing someone along with you to the speaker
How to use: Take the person you are bringing, add を, then the destination (often implied as
💡 Pro Tip: Compare つれていきます (take away) vs つれてきます (bring here). Use つれてきます when the destination is where you are now or will be. For
Examples
ともだちをパーティーにつれてきます.
Tomodachi o pātī ni tsurete kimasu.
→ I
あした、こどもをつれてきます.
Ashita, kodomo o tsurete kimasu.
→ I
Rule 4: Sending with おくります
Structure: [Person/Thing (sent)] を [Destination] に おくります
Use おくります to express sending a person or an object to a destination. For objects, it means
How to use: Take the person/thing you are sending, add を, then the destination, add に, then おくります. Example: おきゃくさま を えき に おくります (I see the guest off to the station). For objects: てがみ を ともだち に おくります (I send a letter to a friend). For past: おくりました (sent). For negative: おくりません (won
💡 Pro Tip: For sending a person (seeing them off), the destination is often a station or airport: えきにおくる. For
Examples
おきゃくさまをえきにおくります.
Okyakusama o eki ni okurimasu.
→ I see the guest off to the station.
ゆうびんでてがみをおくりました.
Yūbin de tegami o okurimashita.
→ I sent a letter by mail.
Exercises
Question 1
Choose the correct sentence meaning
Question 2
おかあさんが ケーキを ______.
Question 3
How do you say
Question 4
ともだちを パーティーに ______.
Question 5
What does
Question 6
おきゃくさまを えきに ______.
Question 7
How do you say
Question 8
いぬを こうえんに ______.
Question 9
If you are at home and will bring a friend to your home, which verb do you use?
Question 10
メールを ______.
Question 11
How do you ask
Question 12
こどもを はくぶつかんに ______.
Question 13
How do you say
Question 14
せんせいが アドバイスを ______.
Question 15
What does
Question 16
くうこうで ともだちを ______.
Question 17
Which verb would you use to say
Question 18
わたしを えきに ______ ください.
Question 19
How do you say
Question 20
いもうとを パーティーに ______.