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Chapter 23: Movement, Actions, and Everyday Places

Learn verbs for movement and interaction, vocabulary for places and objects, and how to express various daily actions

In this chapter, you will learn verbs for movement, interaction, and daily actions. You

Chapter 23: Movement, Actions, and Everyday Places image

Key topics:

  • ・Movement and walking verbs
  • ・Actions and interactions
  • ・Traffic and places vocabulary
  • ・Household objects and repairs
  • ・Sounds and mechanical items
  • ・Caution and attention expressions

Vocabulary

1
ききます
kikimasu
聞きき()きます
ask, listen, hear
Example
せんせいにしつもんをききます.
Sensei ni shitsumon o kikimasu.
I ask the teacher a question.
2
まわします
mawashimasu
回まわします
turn, rotate, spin
Example
かぎをまわします.
Kagi o mawashimasu.
I turn the key.
3
ひきます
hikimasu
引ひきます
pull, draw, play (string instrument)
Example
ドアをひきます.
Doa o hikimasu.
I pull the door.
4
かえます
kaemasu
変かえます
change, alter, exchange
Example
テレビのチャンネルをかえます.
Terebi no channeru o kaemasu.
I change the TV channel.
5
さわります
sawarimasu
触さわります
touch, feel
Example
ドアにさわります.
Doa ni sawarimasu.
I touch the door.
6
でます
demasu
出でます
come out, exit, appear
Example
おつりがでます.
Otsuri ga demasu.
Change comes out.
7
うごきます
ugokimasu
動うごきます
move, operate, work
Example
とけいがうごきます.
Tokei ga ugokimasu.
The clock moves.
8
あるきます
arukimasu
歩あるきます
walk
Example
みちをあるきます.
Michi o arukimasu.
I walk on the road.
9
わたります
watarimasu
渡わたります
cross, go across
Example
はしをわたります.
Hashi o watarimasu.
I cross the bridge.
10
きをつけます
ki o tsukemasu
気きをつけます
be careful, watch out, pay attention
Example
くるまにきをつけます.
Kuruma ni ki o tsukemasu.
I
11
ひっこしします
hikkoshi shimasu
引ひっ越こしします
move (house), relocate
Example
らいげつひっこしします.
Raigetsu hikkoshi shimasu.
I
12
でんきや
denkiya
電気でんき屋でんきや
electrical appliance store, electric shop
Example
でんきやでテレビをかいます.
Denkiya de terebi o kaimasu.
I buy a TV at the electrical appliance store.
13
サイズ
saizu
-
size
Example
さいずはどれにしますか？
Saizu wa dore ni shimasu ka?
Which size will you have?
14
おと
oto
音おと
sound, noise
Example
へやからおとがきこえます.
Heya kara oto ga kikoemasu.
I can hear a sound from the room.
15
きかい
kikai
機械きかい
machine, mechanism
Example
このきかいのつかいかたをおしえてください.
Kono kikai no tsukaikata o oshiete kudasai.
Please teach me how to use this machine.
16
つまみ
tsumami
-
knob, handle, something to pick up
Example
テレビのつまみをまわします.
Terebi no tsumami o mawashimasu.
I turn the TV knob.
17
こしょう
koshō
故障こしょう
breakdown, failure, malfunction
Example
でんしゃがこしょうしました.
Densha ga koshō shimashita.
The train broke down.
18
みち
michi
道みち
road, street, path
Example
このみちをまっすぐいきます.
Kono michi o massugu ikimasu.
I go straight on this road.
19
こうさてん
kōsaten
交差こうさ点こうさてん
intersection, crossing
Example
こうさてんでみぎへまがります.
Kōsaten de migi e magarimasu.
I turn right at the intersection.
20
しんごう
shingō
信号しんごう
traffic light, signal
Example
しんごうがあおになりました.
Shingō ga ao ni narimashita.
The traffic light turned green.
21
かど
kado
角かど
corner, angle
Example
つぎのかどをひだりへまがります.
Tsugi no kado o hidari e magarimasu.
I turn left at the next corner.
22
はし
hashi
橋はし
bridge
Example
このはしはながいです.
Kono hashi wa nagai desu.
This bridge is long.
23
ちゅうしゃじょう
chūshajō
駐車ちゅうしゃ場ちゅうしゃじょう
parking lot, car park
Example
くるまをちゅうしゃじょうにとめます.
Kuruma o chūshajō ni tomemasu.
I park the car in the parking lot.
24
や
ya
-
shop, store (suffix)
Example
ほんや (bookstore), はなや (flower shop)
Honya, hanaya
bookstore, flower shop

Grammar Rules

Rule 1: Using に for asking/touching

Structure: [Target] に + ききます (ask) / さわります (touch)

Use the particle に to mark the target or recipient of actions like asking (ききます) and touching (さわります). For ききます meaning

How to use: For asking: target person + に + ききます. Example: せんせい に ききます (I ask the teacher). For touching: target thing/person + に + さわります. Example: いす に さわります (I touch the chair). For what you ask about, use を: しつもんをききます (ask a question). For what you listen to, use を: おんがくをききます (listen to music). Past tense: ききました, さわりました. Negative: ききません, さわりません.
💡 Pro Tip: Do not confuse ききます (to ask) + に with ききます (to listen) + を. For
Examples
せんせいにききます.
Sensei ni kikimasu.
→ I ask the teacher.
そのいすにさわらないでください.
Sono isu ni sawaranaide kudasai.
→ Please don

Rule 2: Using を for movement through

Structure: [Path/Route] を + [Movement verb]

Use the particle を with movement verbs to indicate the path, route, or space that is traversed. This is a special use of を that does not mean

How to use: Take the noun that represents the path (road, bridge, park, sky), add を, then add the movement verb. Example: みち を あるきます (I walk on/along the road). はし を わたります (I cross the bridge). そら を とびます (I fly through the sky). For movement away from a place (exit), also use を: へやをでます (leave the room). For past: あるきました, はしりました. For negative: あるきません, はしりません.
💡 Pro Tip: Do not confuse this を (through) with に (destination) or で (location of action). こうえんをさんぽします (walk through the park) vs こうえんにいきます (go to the park) vs こうえんでさんぽします (take a walk in the park — location). For
Examples
みちをあるきます.
Michi o arukimasu.
→ I walk on the road.
はしをわたります.
Hashi o watarimasu.
→ I cross the bridge.

Rule 3: Giving change with がでます

Structure: [Amount] おつり + が + でます

Use おつり (change/money returned) with でます (to come out/appear) to express that you receive change after paying. The particle が marks the change as the subject. This pattern literally means

How to use: For stating change amount: amount + おつり + が + でます. Example: ごひゃくえん おつり が でます (500 yen change is given / I get 500 yen change). For asking if change is given: おつりがでますか (Do you get change?). For negative: おつりがでません (No change is given / You don
💡 Pro Tip: Do not confuse おつりがでます (get change) with つりがでます (a fish comes out — same word but different kanji). In shops, you might hear おつりをどうぞ (Here
Examples
500えんおつりがでます.
Go-hyaku-en otsuri ga demasu.
→ I get 500 yen change.
このおかねでおつりがでますか.
Kono okane de otsuri ga demasu ka.
→ Will I get change with this money?

Rule 4: Being careful with きをつけます

Structure: [Thing to be careful of] に + きをつけます

Use きをつけます (to be careful / to pay attention) with the particle に to mark what you need to be careful about. The phrase きをつける literally means

How to use: For stating what to be careful of: danger/thing + に + きをつけます. Example: くるま に きをつけます (I am careful of cars). For asking someone to be careful: きをつけてください (Please be careful). For casual: きをつけて (Take care / Be careful). For past: きをつけました (was careful). For negative: きをつけません (will not be careful). You can also use 〜ようにきをつける (be careful to do __): おくれないようにきをつけます (I
💡 Pro Tip: Do not confuse きをつける (be careful) with ちゅういする (to warn / to pay attention). きをつける is more about personal caution; ちゅういする can mean
Examples
くるまにきをつけます.
Kuruma ni ki o tsukemasu.
→ I am careful of cars.
あしもとにきをつけてください.
Ashimoto ni ki o tsukete kudasai.
→ Please be careful of your footing / watch your step.

Exercises

Question 1

Choose the correct particle to complete

せんせい ______ ききます.

Question 2

いす ______ さわります.

Question 3

What is the difference between せんせいにききます and おんがくをききます?

Question 4

みち ______ あるきます.

Question 5

How do you say

Question 6

ごひゃくえん おつり ______ でます.

Question 7

How do you ask

Question 8

くるま ______ きを つけます.

Question 9

How do you say

Question 10

へや ______ でます.

Question 11

How do you say

Question 12

とりが そら ______ とびます.

Question 13

What does

Question 14

わすれない ______ きを つけます.

Question 15

When leaving a friend

Question 16

せんせい ______ しつもんを ききました.

Question 17

How do you say

Question 18

Complete the question meaning

おつりは ______ ですか.

Question 19

How do you say

Question 20

からだ ______ きをつけて ください.

On'yomi:
Kun'yomi: