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Chapter 15: Daily Activities and Occupations

Learn verbs for daily routines, occupations, and describing work and living situations

In this chapter, you will learn verbs for daily activities, occupations, and how to describe where you live and work. You

Chapter 15: Daily Activities and Occupations image

Key topics:

  • ・Daily activities and routines
  • ・Occupations and workplaces
  • ・Describing where you live and work
  • ・Shopping and services
  • ・Product and service vocabulary
  • ・Personal status and appearance

Vocabulary

1
たちます
tachimasu
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立ちます
stand up, rise
Example
でんしゃでたちます
Densha de tachimasu.
I stand on the train.
2
すわります
suwarimasu
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座ります
sit down
Example
いすにすわります
Isu ni suwarimasu.
I sit on the chair.
3
つかいます
tsukaimasu
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使います
use, utilize
Example
パソコンをつかいます
Pasokon o tsukaimasu.
I use a computer.
4
おきます
okimasu
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置きます
put, place
Example
つくえのうえにほんをおきます
Tsukue no ue ni hon o okimasu.
I put the book on the desk.
5
つくります
tsukurimasu
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作ります
make, produce, create
Example
こうじょうでくるまをつくります
Kōjō de kuruma o tsukurimasu.
I make cars at the factory.
6
うります
urimasu
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売ります
sell
Example
みせでやさいをうります
Mise de yasai o urimasu.
I sell vegetables at the store.
7
しります
shirimasu
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知ります
get to know, find out
Example
しんぶんでニュースをしります
Shinbun de nyūsu o shirimasu.
I find out news from the newspaper.
8
しっています
shitte imasu
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知っています
know, be aware of
Example
そのことをしっています
Sono koto o shitte imasu.
I know about that.
9
すみます
sumimasu
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住みます
live, reside
Example
にほんにすみます
Nihon ni sumimasu.
I live in Japan.
10
すんでいます
sunde imasu
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住んでいます
am living, reside (currently)
Example
とうきょうにすんでいます
Tōkyō ni sunde imasu.
I am living in Tokyo.
11
けんきゅうします
kenkyū shimasu
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研究します
research, study
Example
だいがくでけんきゅうします
Daigaku de kenkyū shimasu.
I do research at the university.
12
さら
sara
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plate, dish
Example
さらをあらいます。
Sara o araimasu.
I wash the dishes.
13
しりょう
shiryō
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資料
materials, documents, data
Example
かいぎのしりょうをよみます。
Kaigi no shiryō o yomimasu.
I read the meeting materials.
14
カタログ
katarogu
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-
catalog, brochure
Example
しなもののカタログをもらいます。
Shinamono no katarogu o moraimasu.
I receive a product catalog.
15
じこくひょう
jikokuhyō
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時刻表
timetable, schedule
Example
でんしゃのじこくひょうをみます。
Densha no jikokuhyō o mimasu.
I check the train timetable.
16
ふく
fuku
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clothes, clothing
Example
あたらしいふくをかいます。
Atarashii fuku o kaimasu.
I buy new clothes.
17
せいひん
seihin
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製品
products, manufactured goods
Example
にほんのせいひんはしんせんです。
Nihon no seihin wa shinsen desu.
Japanese products are high quality.
18
ソフト
sofuto
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-
software
Example
パソコンのソフトをあたらしくします。
Pasokon no sofuto o atarashiku shimasu.
I update the computer software.
19
せんもん
senmon
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専門
specialty, field of expertise
Example
わたしのせんもんはコンピューターです。
Watashi no senmon wa konpyūtā desu.
My specialty is computers.
20
ha
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tooth, teeth
Example
をみがきます。
Ha o migakimasu.
I brush my teeth.
21
はいしゃ
haisha
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歯医者
dentist
Example
はいしゃにいきます。
Haisha ni ikimasu.
I go to the dentist.
22
とこや
tokoya
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床屋
barber, barbershop
Example
とこやでかみをきります。
Tokoya de kami o kirimasu.
I get my hair cut at the barber.
23
プレイガイド
pureigaido
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-
ticket agency, play guide
Example
プレイガイドできっぷをかいます。
Pureigaido de kippu o kaimasu.
I buy tickets at the ticket agency.
24
どくしん
dokushin
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独身
single, unmarried
Example
わたしはどくしんです。
Watashi wa dokushin desu.
I am single.
25
そうこう
sōkō
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草稿
draft, manuscript
Example
レポートのそうこうをかきます。
Repōto no sōkō o kakimasu.
I write a draft of the report.

Grammar Rules

Rule 1: Present continuous with ています

Structure: [Verb て-form] + います

Use 〜ています for two main meanings: (1) an action happening right now (

How to use: Change the verb to its て-form, then add います. Example: すむ (to live) → すんで → すんでいます (live / am living). For past ongoing/state: すんでいました (was living / used to live). For negative: すんでいません (do not live). For question: すんでいますか (Do you live ~?). Use this pattern when you want to emphasize that something is currently true or happening, not just a general fact.
💡 Pro Tip: For verbs like いく (go) and くる (come), 〜ています means
Examples
おおさかにすんでいます。
Ōsaka ni sunde imasu.
→ I live in Osaka.
いまごはんをたべています。
Ima gohan o tabete imasu.
→ I am eating a meal now.

Rule 2: Stative verbs with ています

Structure: [Verb て-form] + います (for state, not ongoing action)

Some verbs, when used with 〜ています, describe a continuing state or condition that resulted from a past action, not an action happening right now. These are called

How to use: Take a verb that describes a change or achievement, change it to て-form, and add います. The meaning becomes
💡 Pro Tip: The most common mistake is using しっています for negative
Examples
そのしりょうをしっています。
Sono shiryō o shitte imasu.
→ I know that material.
あかいくつをはいています。
Akai kutsu o haite imasu.
→ I am wearing red shoes.

Rule 3: Using で for means or location of action

Structure: [Place/Means] + で + [Verb]

The particle で has two main uses: (1) marking the location where an action takes place (

How to use: To mark location of action: place the location noun, add で, then the verb. Example: とこや で かみをきります (I cut hair at the barbershop). To mark means: put the tool/vehicle/language, add で, then the verb. Example: バス で いきます (I go by bus). Do not confuse with に (which marks existence or direction). Use で for actions; use に for
💡 Pro Tip: A common mistake is using に instead of で for action locations. Remember: に is for existence (います/あります) and direction (いきます/きます). で is for action (たべる, よむ, かく, あう). For events like parties or concerts, use で: パーティーでたべます (I eat at the party). For transportation, で is correct, but for walking, you can say あるいて (by walking) instead of あるきで. For
Examples
とこやでかみをきります。
Tokoya de kami o kirimasu.
→ I cut my hair at the barber.
えんぴつでなまえをかきます。
Enpitsu de namae o kakimasu.
→ I write my name with a pencil.

Rule 4: Describing occupations

Structure: [Person] は [Occupation] です (or [Occupation] をしています for more detail)

To state someone

How to use: Basic pattern: take the person as topic (は), then the occupation noun, then です. Example: あのひと は はいしゃ です (That person is a dentist). For the active pattern: use the same structure but replace です with をしています. Example: あのひと は はいしゃ をしています (That person works as a dentist). For
💡 Pro Tip: Do not use the verb はたらく (to work) alone to state your occupation — that would mean
Examples
あのひとははいしゃです。
Ano hito wa haisha desu.
→ That person is a dentist.
わたしはほんやさんをしています。
Watashi wa hon'yasan o shite imasu.
→ I work as a bookstore clerk.

Exercises

Question 1

Choose the correct form to complete the sentence meaning

いま ごはんを ______。

Question 2

Complete the sentence meaning

おおさかに ______。

Question 3

How do you say

Question 4

Complete the sentence meaning

______。

Question 5

Which particle marks the location where an action takes place?

Question 6

Complete the sentence meaning

バス ______ いきます。

Question 7

How do you say

Question 8

Complete the sentence meaning

あのひとは はいしゃ ______。

Question 9

What does

Question 10

Complete the sentence meaning

あかい くつを ______。

Question 11

Which is correct for

Question 12

Complete the sentence meaning

いま ごはんを ______。

Question 13

How do you say

Question 14

Complete the sentence meaning

とこや ______ かみを きります。

Question 15

How do you say

Question 16

Complete the sentence meaning

けっこん ______。

Question 17

How do you ask

Question 18

Choose the correct particle for

おおさか ______ すんでいます。

Question 19

What does

Question 20

Complete the sentence meaning

くるまを ______。

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On'yomi:
Kun'yomi: