Japanify
Japanify FacebookJapanify InstagramJapanify YouTube

Lesson 4: Weather Forecast

Learn how to talk about weather, make small talk about weather, understand weather forecasts, and read/write about weather on social media.

In this lesson, you will learn how to exchange greetings while talking about weather, describe past and present weather conditions, understand weather forecasts, read and write simple social media posts about weather, and use weather-related expressions in daily conversations.

Lesson 4: Weather Forecast image

Key topics:

  • ・Talking about weather conditions (どんなてんきですか?)
  • ・Using ね for seeking agreement/sympathy
  • ・Past and non-past forms for weather
  • ・Using ~ています for current states
  • ・Making predictions with ~でしょう
  • ・Understanding weather forecasts
  • ・Reading and writing weather-related social media posts
  • ・Talking about typhoons and weather phenomena

Vocabulary

1
てんき
tenki
Expand card
天気
weather
Example
まいにち天気をチェックします。
Mainichi tenki o chekkushimasu.
I check the weather every day.
2
はれ
hare
Expand card
晴れ
sunny / fine (weather)
Example
晴れのひはさんぽします。
Hare no hi wa sanpo shimasu.
I take a walk on sunny days.
3
はれる
hareru
Expand card
晴れる
to clear / to fair
Example
あした、そらが晴れますか。
Ashita, sora ga haremasu ka.
Will the sky clear tomorrow?
4
いいてんき
ii tenki
Expand card
いい天気
fine weather
Example
いい天気のひにピクニックをします。
Ii tenki no hi ni pikunikku o shimasu.
I have a picnic on fine weather days.
5
くもり
kumori
Expand card
曇り
cloudy
Example
曇りのひはいえでほんをよみます。
Kumori no hi wa ie de hon o yomimasu.
On cloudy days, I read books at home.
6
くもる
kumoru
Expand card
曇る
to become cloudy
Example
ごごからそらが曇ります
Gogo kara sora ga kumorimasu.
The sky becomes cloudy from the afternoon.
7
あめ
ame
Expand card
rain
Example
のひはバスでいきます。
Ame no hi wa basu de ikimasu.
On rainy days, I go by bus.
8
ふる
furu
Expand card
降る
to fall (rain / snow, etc.)
Example
あした、あめが降りますか。
Ashita, ame ga furimasu ka.
Will it rain tomorrow?
9
かぜ
kaze
Expand card
wind
Example
きょうはつよいがふきます。
Kyō wa tsuyoi kaze ga fukimasu.
Strong wind blows today.
10
ふく
fuku
Expand card
吹く
to blow
Example
あきにつめたいかぜが吹きます
Aki ni tsumetai kaze ga fukimasu.
Cold wind blows in autumn.
11
かみなり
kaminari
Expand card
thunder / lightning
Example
がなりました。
Kaminari ga narimashita.
Thunder clapped.
12
なる
naru
Expand card
鳴る
to clap / to roll
Example
いま、かみなりが鳴ります
Ima, kaminari ga narimasu.
Thunder claps now.
13
いま
ima
Expand card
now
Example
からべんきょうをはじめます。
Ima kara benkyō o hajimemasu.
I start studying from now.
14
きのう
kinō
Expand card
昨日
yesterday
Example
昨日、ともだちにありました。
Kinō, tomodachi ni aimashita.
I met a friend yesterday.
15
たいへん
taihen
Expand card
大変
much / very
Example
大変つかれました。
Taihen tsukaremashita.
I got very tired.
16
いやになる
iya ni naru
Expand card
嫌になる
to be annoying
Example
まいにちあめで嫌になります
Mainichi ame de iya ni narimasu.
I get annoyed because of rain every day.
17
ゆうべ
yūbe
Expand card
夕べ
last night
Example
夕べ、なにをたべましたか。
Yūbe, nani o tabemashita ka.
What did you eat last night?
18
すごい
sugoi
Expand card
-
heavy / strong
Example
すごいあめがふりました。
Sugoi ame ga furimashita.
Heavy rain fell.
19
よなか
yonaka
Expand card
夜中
during the night
Example
夜中にでんわがなりました。
Yonaka ni denwa ga narimashita.
The phone rang during the night.
20
あした
ashita
Expand card
明日
tomorrow
Example
明日、えいがをみにいきます。
Ashita, eiga o mi ni ikimasu.
Tomorrow I will go to see a movie.
21
いちにち
ichinichi
Expand card
一日
all day
Example
きのうは一日はたらきました。
Kinō wa ichinichi hatarakimashita.
Yesterday I worked all day.
22
やむ
yamu
Expand card
止む
to stop
Example
あめがやみました
Ame ga yamimashita.
The rain stopped.
23
ただ
tada
Expand card
-
but
Example
きょうははれです。ただ、さむいです。
Kyō wa hare desu. Tada, samui desu.
Today is sunny. But it's cold.
24
つよい
tsuyoi
Expand card
強い
strong
Example
強いかぜがわたしのぼうしをとばしました。
Tsuyoi kaze ga watashi no bōshi o tobashimashita.
Strong wind blew my hat away.
25
ふくそう
fukusō
Expand card
服装
clothing
Example
ふゆはあたたかい服装をします。
Fuyu wa atatakai fukusō o shimasu.
In winter, I wear warm clothing.
26
おでかけ下さい
odekake kudasai
Expand card
お出かけ下さい
Please go out. (polite expression)
Example
どうぞお出かけ下さい
Dōzo odekake kudasai.
Please go out.
27
たいふう
taifū
Expand card
台風
typhoon
Example
台風がきています。
Taifū ga kite imasu.
A typhoon is coming.
28
そと
soto
Expand card
outside
Example
こどもたちはであそびます。
Kodomotachi wa soto de asobimasu.
Children play outside.
29
しぬ
shinu
Expand card
死ぬ
to die
Example
ふゆになるとはなが死にます
Fuyu ni naru to hana ga shinimasu.
When winter comes, flowers die.
30
きおん
kion
Expand card
気温
(air) temperature
Example
きょうの気温はなんどですか。
Kyō no kion wa nan-do desu ka.
What is today's temperature?
31
アイス
aisu
Expand card
-
ice cream
Example
あついひにアイスをたべます。
Atsui hi ni aisu o tabemasu.
On hot days I eat ice cream.
32
まち
machi
Expand card
town
Example
このでうまれました。
Kono machi de umaremashita.
I was born in this town.
33
さわる
sawaru
Expand card
触る
to touch
Example
ゆきを触りました
Yuki o sawarimashita.
I touched snow.
34
つめたい
tsumetai
Expand card
冷たい
cold (to the touch)
Example
冷たいものをさわりました。
Tsumetai mono o sawarimashita.
I touched something cold.
35
まっしろ(な)
masshiro (na)
Expand card
真っ白(な)
pure white
Example
ゆきで真っ白になりました。
Yuki de masshiro ni narimashita.
It became pure white with snow.
36
とっても
tottemo
Expand card
-
very (a casual way of saying とても)
Example
とってもたのしかったです。
Tottemo tanoshikatta desu.
It was very fun.
37
まだ
mada
Expand card
-
still
Example
まだあめがふっています。
Mada ame ga futte imasu.
It is still raining.
38
おくれる
okureru
Expand card
遅れる
to be late
Example
でんしゃが遅れました
Densha ga okuremashita.
The train was late.
39
ほんとうですか
hontō desu ka
Expand card
本当ですか
That's true. / Is that so?
Example
本当ですか
Hontō desu ka.
Is that true?

Conversation

1
~ですね
~desu ne
Expand card
~, isn't it? (seeking agreement)
Example Usage
きょうはいいてんきですね。
Kyō wa ii tenki desu ne.
It's nice weather today, isn't it?
2
~からあつい
~kara atsui
Expand card
hot since ~
Example Usage
あさからあついですね。
Asa kara atsui desu ne.
It's hot since morning, isn't it?
3
まいにち~ふる
mainichi ~furu
Expand card
it rains ~ every day
Example Usage
まいにち、よくふりますね。
Mainichi, yoku furimasu ne.
It rains a lot every day, doesn't it?
4
~はすごい~でした
~wa sugoi ~deshita
Expand card
the ~ was terrible (heavy)
Example Usage
きのうはすごいあめでしたね。
Kinō wa sugoi ame deshita ne.
Yesterday's rain was terrible, wasn't it?
5
~くなる
~ku naru
Expand card
to become ~
Example Usage
だいぶあたたかくなりましたね。
Daibu atatakaku narimashita ne.
It has become considerably warmer, hasn't it?
6
~ふくそうでおでかけ下さい
~fukusō de odekake kudasai
Expand card
please go out in ~ clothing
Example Usage
あたたかいふくそうでおでかけ下さい。
Atatakai fukusō de odekake kudasai.
Please go out in warm clothing.

Kanji

1
いま
Expand card
now
🎬
now
Example
、何時ですか。
Ima, nanji desu ka.
What time is it now?
2
天気
てんき
Expand card
weather
🎬
heaven, sky
🎬
spirit, energy
Example
天気はいいです。
Tenki wa ii desu.
The weather is good.
3
強い
つよい
Expand card
strong
🎬
strong
Example
彼は強いです。
Kare wa tsuyoi desu.
He is strong.
4
昨日
きのう
Expand card
yesterday
🎬
previous
🎬
day
Example
昨日は忙しかったです。
Kinō wa isogashikatta desu.
Yesterday was busy.
5
明日
あした
Expand card
tomorrow
🎬
bright, clear
🎬
day
Example
明日は休みです。
Ashita wa yasumi desu.
Tomorrow is a day off.
6
毎日
まいにち
Expand card
every day
🎬
every
🎬
day
Example
毎日勉強します。
Mainichi benkyō shimasu.
I study every day.
7
晴れ
はれ
Expand card
sunny, clear weather
🎬
clear up
Example
今日は晴れです。
Kyō wa hare desu.
Today is sunny.
8
あめ
Expand card
rain
🎬
rain
Example
が降っています。
Ame ga futte imasu.
It is raining.
9
ゆき
Expand card
snow
🎬
snow
Example
が降りました。
Yuki ga furimashita.
It snowed.
10
かぜ
Expand card
wind
🎬
wind
Example
が強いです。
Kaze ga tsuyoi desu.
The wind is strong.

Grammar Rules

Rule 1: S ね for seeking agreement/sympathy

Structure: [Sentence] + ね

Add ね at the end of a sentence to seek agreement, confirm shared information, or express sympathy. It's like adding '..., isn't it?' or '..., right?' in English. Essential for natural conversation, especially in small talk about weather or feelings.

How to use: Attach ね after the final verb, adjective, or copula (です/ます). Use rising intonation for a question, falling for a statement of shared feeling. Polite and plain forms both work with ね.
💡 Pro Tip: ね is not just for agreement—it softens statements and shows you care about the listener's reaction. Overusing ね can sound pushy; use it when you genuinely expect shared experience. Compare: よ gives new information, ね confirms shared info.
Examples
きょうはいいてんきですね。
Kyō wa ii tenki desu ne.
→ It's nice weather today, isn't it?
さむいですね。そろそろこたつをだしましょうか。
Samui desu ne. Sorosoro kotatsu o dashimashō ka.
→ It's cold, isn't it? Shall we take out the kotatsu soon?

Rule 2: Non-past / Past forms for weather

Structure: Non-past: です / ます / い-adjective (い) | Past: でした / ました / かったです

Use non-past forms to describe current or future weather, and past forms for weather that already happened. Conjugation patterns differ: nouns/な-adjectives use です→でした, verbs use ます→ました, い-adjectives change い→かったです.

How to use: For い-adjectives: drop い → かったです (e.g., あつい → あつかったです). For nouns: add でした (e.g., あめ → あめでした). For verbs in polite form: change ます to ました.
💡 Pro Tip: Don't confuse いい (good) past form: よかったです (not いかったです). For negative past, conjugate the negative helper: あつくない → あつくなかったです. Remember: weather reports often use plain forms, but conversation uses polite forms with です/ます.
Examples
きょうはあついです。
Kyō wa atsui desu.
→ Today is hot.
きのうはすごいあめでした。
Kinō wa sugoi ame deshita.
→ Yesterday was heavy rain.

Rule 3: V-ています for current states

Structure: Verb て-form + います

Use て-form + います to describe a current ongoing action or a resulting state. For weather, it's used for conditions that are happening now (raining, snowing, being cloudy) or a state that continues (the sun is shining).

How to use: Form by changing the verb to て-form and adding います. For weather verbs: ふる (fall) → ふっています (raining/snowing), はれる (clear up) → はれています (is clear/sunny). Use まだ + ています for 'still ~ing'.
💡 Pro Tip: Some weather verbs like ふる (rain/snow) describe actions, so ふっています means 'it is raining now'. For a state like そらがあおい (sky is blue) you don't use ています. Also, ~ていました is past ongoing: 'it was raining'.
Examples
あめがふっています。
Ame ga futte imasu.
→ It is raining.
いまもすこしふっています。
Ima mo sukoshi futte imasu.
→ It is still raining a little.

Rule 4: ~でしょう for predictions

Structure: Verb / Adjective plain form + でしょう | Noun / な-adjective + でしょう

Use でしょう to express a prediction, probability, or guess (50-80% certainty). It's common in weather forecasts, polite speculation, or soft suggestions. Replaces です/ます with でしょう in polite speech.

How to use: Attach でしょう to the plain form of verbs and い-adjectives. For nouns and な-adjectives, add でしょう directly (without だ). For negative forms, use ないでしょう.
💡 Pro Tip: でしょう is politer than だろう (plain). In casual speech, use だろう or just rising intonation. To soften a statement, use かもしれません (maybe) for lower certainty. Also, でしょう? with rising intonation asks for agreement: いいでしょう? (Good, right?)
Examples
あしたははれるでしょう。
Ashita wa hareru deshō.
→ It will probably be sunny tomorrow.
あめはこんばんやむでしょう。
Ame wa konban yamu deshō.
→ The rain will probably stop tonight.

Exercises

Question 1

Choose the correct ending to make a natural statement seeking agreement about the weather.

きょうはいいてんきです______。

Question 2

Choose the correct reading of 今 to complete the sentence.

______、何時ですか。

Question 3

Complete the sentence meaning 'Today is hot.'

きょうは______。

Question 4

Choose the correct reading of 天気 to complete the sentence.

______はいいです。

Question 5

Complete the sentence meaning 'Yesterday was heavy rain.'

きのうはすごいあめ______。

Question 6

Choose the correct reading of 強い to complete the sentence.

彼は______です。

Question 7

Choose the correct sentence meaning 'It is raining.'

Question 8

Choose the correct reading of 昨日 to complete the sentence.

______は忙しかったです。

Question 9

Complete the sentence meaning 'It will probably be sunny tomorrow.'

あしたは______でしょう。

Question 10

Choose the correct reading of 明日 to complete the sentence.

______は休みです。

Question 11

What does 'さむいですね' mean in this context?

さむいですね。そろそろこたつをだしましょうか。

Question 12

Choose the correct reading of 毎日 to complete the sentence.

______勉強します。

Question 13

Complete the sentence meaning 'Yesterday was cold.'

きのうは______。

Question 14

Choose the correct reading of 晴れ to complete the sentence.

今日は______です。

Question 15

What does 'いまもすこしふっています' mean?

Question 16

Choose the correct reading of 雨 to complete the sentence.

______が降っています。

Question 17

Complete the sentence meaning 'It probably won't rain tomorrow.'

あしたはあめが______でしょう。

Question 18

Choose the correct reading of 雪 to complete the sentence.

______が降りました。

Question 19

Choose the best translation for the sentence with ね.

そろそろいきましょうね。

Question 20

Choose the correct reading of 風 to complete the sentence.

______が強いです。

×
On'yomi:
Kun'yomi: