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Lesson 9: Studying Japanese

Can you teach me how to read it?

This lesson focuses on talking about Japanese language learning experiences, describing difficulties and preferences in studying Japanese, and asking for help with Japanese language problems. You'll learn how to discuss your learning background, express what you find easy or difficult, and politely request assistance.

Lesson 9: Studying Japanese image

Key topics:

  • ・Talking about where and how you studied Japanese
  • ・Describing what's easy and difficult in Japanese learning
  • ・Topic 3: Comparing different aspects of Japanese language
  • ・Politely asking for help with Japanese
  • ・Discussing study methods and recommendations
  • ・Learning about studying Japanese through anime
  • ・Understanding local Japanese language classes

Vocabulary

1
にている
niteiru
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似ている
similar
Example
このふたりは似ています
Kono futari wa nite imasu.
These two people look similar.
2
ちがう
chigau
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違う
different
Example
このふたりのいろは違います
Kono futari no iro wa chigaimasu.
The colors of these two are different.
3
おぼえる
oboeru
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覚える
to memorize
Example
あたらしいことばを覚えます
Atarashii kotoba o oboemasu.
I memorize new words.
4
おしえる
oshieru
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教える
to teach
Example
ともだちににほんごを教えます
Tomodachi ni nihongo o oshiemasu.
I teach Japanese to a friend.
5
かす
kasu
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貸す
to lend
Example
ともだちにぺんを貸します
Tomodachi ni pen o kashimasu.
I lend a pen to a friend.
6
みせる
miseru
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見せる
to show
Example
しゃしんをともだちに見せます
Shashin o tomodachi ni misemasu.
I show photos to a friend.
7
チェックする
chekku suru
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-
to check
Example
あさ、メールをチェックします
Asa, mēru o chekku shimasu.
I check my email in the morning.
8
せつめいする
setsumei suru
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説明する
to explain
Example
このルールをせんせいに説明します
Kono rūru o sensei ni setsumei shimasu.
I explain this rule to the teacher.
9
かく
kaku
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書く
to write
Example
てがみをともだちに書きます
Tegami o tomodachi ni kakimasu.
I write a letter to a friend.
10
いう
iu
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言う
to say / to tell
Example
あいさつをにほんごで言います
Aisatsu o nihongo de iimasu.
I say greetings in Japanese.
11
さがす
sagasu
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探す
to look for
Example
へやでかぎを探します
Heya de kagi o sagashimasu.
I look for the key in the room.
12
はいしゃくする
haishaku suru
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拝借する
to borrow
Example
としょかんでほんを拝借します
Toshokan de hon o haishaku shimasu.
I borrow a book at the library.
13
おしゃべりする
oshaberi suru
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お喋りする
to chat
Example
ともだちとよくお喋りします
Tomodachi to yoku oshaberi shimasu.
I often chat with friends.
14
シャドーイングする
shadōingu suru
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-
to shadow
Example
えいごのぽっどきゃすとをシャドーイングします
Eigo no poddokyasuto o shadōingu shimasu.
I shadow English podcasts.
15
むずかしい
muzukashii
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難しい
difficult
Example
このもんだいはとても難しいです。
Kono mondai wa totemo muzukashii desu.
This problem is very difficult.
16
じょうず(な)
jōzu (na)
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上手
well / good at
Example
あのひとはピアノが上手です。
Ano hito wa piano ga jōzu desu.
That person is good at piano.
17
かんたん(な)
kantan (na)
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簡単
easy
Example
このしゅくだいは簡単です。
Kono shukudai wa kantan desu.
This homework is easy.
18
とくい(な)
tokui (na)
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得意
good at
Example
わたしはすいえいが得意です。
Watashi wa suiei ga tokui desu.
I am good at swimming.
19
にがて(な)
nigate (na)
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苦手
poor at
Example
わたしはすうがくが苦手です。
Watashi wa sūgaku ga nigate desu.
I am poor at math.
20
むりょう
muryō
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無料
free of charge
Example
このアプリは無料でつかえます。
Kono apuri wa muryō de tsukaemasu.
This app can be used for free.
21
こうこう
kōkō
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高校
high school
Example
わたしは高校にいきます。
Watashi wa kōkō ni ikimasu.
I go to high school.
22
どれぐらい
dore gurai
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-
how long
Example
まちにどれぐらいすんでいますか。
Machi ni dore gurai sunde imasu ka.
How long have you lived in the town?
23
~かん
~kan
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for ~ (e.g., for two years)
Example
にじかんかんまちました。
Nijikan kan machimashita.
I waited for two hours.
24
じんぶんで
jibun de
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自分で
on my own
Example
もんだいを自分でときます。
Mondai o jibun de tokimasu.
I solve the problem on my own.
25
まだまだです
madamada desu
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-
Not even close.
Example
にほんごはまだまだです
Nihongo wa madamada desu.
My Japanese is not even close.
26
そんなことないです
sonna koto nai desu
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-
Not really.
Example
そんなことないですよ。
Sonna koto nai desu yo.
That's not really true.
27
だいがく
daigaku
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大学
university / college
Example
もうすぐ大学にごうかくします。
Mō sugu daigaku ni gōkaku shimasu.
I will pass the university exam soon.
28
ラジオ
rajio
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-
radio
Example
あさラジオをききます。
Asa rajio o kikimasu.
I listen to the radio in the morning.
29
ネット
netto
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-
Internet
Example
けんきゅうにネットをつかいます。
Kenkyū ni netto o tsukaimasu.
I use the Internet for research.
30
アプリ
apuri
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-
app / application
Example
にほんごのアプリをダウンロードします。
Nihongo no apuri o daunrōdo shimasu.
I download a Japanese app.
31
にほんご
nihongo
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日本語
Japanese language
Example
ともだちと日本語ではなします。
Tomodachi to nihongo de hanashimasu.
I speak Japanese with my friend.
32
べんきょう
benkyō
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勉強
study
Example
まいにちにほんごを勉強します。
Mainichi nihongo o benkyō shimasu.
I study Japanese every day.
33
ぶんぽう
bunpō
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文法
grammar
Example
にほんごの文法をならっています。
Nihongo no bunpō o naratte imasu.
I am learning Japanese grammar.
34
はつおん
hatsuon
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発音
pronunciation
Example
せんせいの発音をまねします。
Sensei no hatsuon o maneshimasu.
I imitate the teacher's pronunciation.
35
もじ
moji
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文字
characters
Example
この文字はなんとよみますか。
Kono moji wa nan to yomimasu ka.
How do you read this character?
36
かいわ
kaiwa
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会話
conversation
Example
ともだちと会話をれんしゅうします。
Tomodachi to kaiwa o renshū shimasu.
I practice conversation with a friend.
37
モンゴルご
mongorugo
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モンゴル語
Mongolian language
Example
わしはモンゴルごをはなします。
Washi wa mongorugo o hanashimasu.
I (elderly) speak Mongolian.
38
じしょ
jisho
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辞書
dictionary
Example
うんちくを辞書でしらべます。
Unchiku o jisho de shirabemasu.
I look up the meaning in a dictionary.
39
かみ
kami
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paper
Example
このにしゅくだいをかきます。
Kono kami ni shukudai o kakimasu.
I write my homework on this paper.
40
ゆっくり
yukkuri
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-
slowly
Example
にほんごをゆっくりはなしてください。
Nihongo o yukkuri hanashite kudasai.
Please speak Japanese slowly.
41
~かた
~kata
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how to (e.g., how to read)
Example
このかんじのよみかたをおしえてください。
Kono kanji no yomikata o oshiete kudasai.
Please teach me how to read this kanji.
42
よみかた
yomikata
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読み方
how to read
Example
このじの読み方をしりたいです。
Kono ji no yomikata o shiritai desu.
I want to know how to read this character.
43
メール
mēru
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-
email
Example
まいばんメールをかきます。
Maiban mēru o kakimasu.
I write emails every night.
44
しょるい
shorui
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書類
document
Example
じゅうしょをこの書類にかきます。
Jūsho o kono shorui ni kakimasu.
I write my address on this document.
45
きょうかしょ
kyōkasho
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教科書
textbook
Example
教科書のれいぶんをあんきします。
Kyōkasho no reibun o ankishimasu.
I memorize example sentences from the textbook.
46
じしんがありません
jishin ga arimasen
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自信がありません
I am not confident.
Example
はつおんに自信がありません
Hatsuon ni jishin ga arimasen.
I am not confident in my pronunciation.
47
れんしゅう
renshū
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練習
practice
Example
ぴあのの練習をまいにちします。
Piano no renshū o mainichi shimasu.
I practice piano every day.
48
なんかいも
nankai mo
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何回も
several times
Example
そのえいがを何回もみました。
Sono eiga o nankai mo mimashita.
I watched that movie several times.
49
きょうしつ
kyōshitsu
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教室
classroom
Example
いま教室できょうしをまっています。
Ima kyōshitsu de kyōshi o matte imasu.
I'm waiting for the teacher in the classroom now.
50
せんせい
sensei
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先生
teacher / instructor
Example
ほんじつの先生はにほんじんです。
Honjitsu no sensei wa nihonjin desu.
Today's teacher is Japanese.
51
ちえ
chie
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知恵
wisdom
Example
おじいさんの知恵をかります。
Ojīsan no chie o karimasu.
I borrow my grandfather's wisdom.
52
サイト
saito
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-
(web)site
Example
このサイトはべんりです。
Kono saito wa benri desu.
This website is convenient.
53
トップ
toppu
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-
top
Example
ぺーじのトップまでまっすぐです。
Pēji no toppu made massugu desu.
Go straight to the top of the page.
54
カテゴリー
kategorī
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-
category
Example
このカテゴリーのなかからえらんでください。
Kono kategorī no naka kara erande kudasai.
Please choose from within this category.
55
ランキング
rankingu
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-
ranking
Example
このランキングはまいにちかわります。
Kono rankingu wa mainichi kawarimasu.
This ranking changes every day.
56
わし
washi
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-
I (role language for an elderly person)
Example
わしがやりますから、あんしんして。
Washi ga yarimasu kara, anshin shite.
I'll do it, so don't worry.
57
けんさく
kensaku
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検索
search
Example
しりたいことは検索してみてください。
Shiritai koto wa kensaku shite mite kudasai.
Please try searching for what you want to know.
58
しつもん
shitsumon
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質問
question
Example
せんせいに質問をします。
Sensei ni shitsumon o shimasu.
I ask the teacher a question.
59
そうだん
sōdan
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相談
discussion
Example
りょこうのけいかくをともだちと相談します。
Ryokō no keikaku o tomodachi to sōdan shimasu.
I discuss the travel plan with my friend.
60
ボランティア
borantia
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-
volunteer
Example
まいしゅう、どようびにボランティアをします。
Maishū, doyōbi ni borantia o shimasu.
I do volunteer work every Saturday.

Conversation

1
どこで~を勉強しましたか?
Doko de ~ o benkyou shimashita ka?
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Where did you study ~?
Example Usage
どこで日本語を勉強しましたか?
Doko de nihongo o benkyou shimashita ka?
Where did you study Japanese?
2
~の勉強はどうですか?
~no benkyou wa dou desu ka?
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How is your study of ~ going?
Example Usage
日本語の勉強はどうですか?
Nihongo no benkyou wa dou desu ka?
How is your Japanese studying going?
3
~を教えてもらえませんか?
~ o oshiete moraemasen ka?
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Could you teach me ~?
Example Usage
読み方を教えてもらえませんか?
Yomikata o oshiete moraemasen ka?
Could you teach me how to read it?
4
いい~のし方がありますか?
Ii ~ no shikata ga arimasu ka?
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Is there a good way to ~?
Example Usage
いい練習のし方がありますか?
Ii renshuu no shikata ga arimasu ka?
Is there a good way to practice?
5
~をチェックしてもらえませんか?
~ o chekku shite moraemasen ka?
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Could you check ~?
Example Usage
日本語をチェックしてもらえませんか?
Nihongo o chekku shite moraemasen ka?
Could you check my Japanese?

Kanji

1
大学
だいがく
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university
🎬
big
🎬
study, learning
Example
大学に行きます。
Daigaku ni ikimasu.
I go to university.
2
漢字
かんじ
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kanji characters
🎬
Chinese
🎬
character, letter
Example
漢字を勉強します。
Kanji o benkyō shimasu.
I study kanji.
3
教える
おしえる
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to teach
🎬
teach
Example
日本語を教える
Nihongo o oshieru.
I teach Japanese.
4
無料
むりょう
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free of charge
🎬
none, without
🎬
fee, charge
Example
これは無料です。
Kore wa muryō desu.
This is free.
5
説明する
せつめいする
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to explain
🎬
explanation
🎬
clear, bright
Example
先生が説明する
Sensei ga setsumei suru.
The teacher explains.
6
書く
かく
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to write
🎬
write
Example
手紙を書く
Tegami o kaku.
I write a letter.
7
高校
こうこう
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high school
🎬
high, tall
🎬
school
Example
妹は高校生です。
Imōto wa kōkōsei desu.
My younger sister is a high school student.
8
練習
れんしゅう
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practice
🎬
practice, polish
🎬
learn
Example
毎日練習します。
Mainichi renshū shimasu.
I practice every day.
9
言う
いう
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to say
🎬
say, speech
Example
「こんにちは」と言う
"Konnichiwa" to iu.
I say "hello".
10
貸す
かす
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to lend
🎬
lend
Example
ペンを貸す
Pen o kasu.
I lend a pen.

Grammar Rules

Rule 1: で for means/method

Structure: [Noun] + で

The particle で marks the means, method, or tool used to perform an action. It answers 'how?' or 'by what means?' This goes beyond location (where) and includes language, media, instruments, and transportation.

How to use: Place で directly after the noun that represents the means. The verb at the end of the sentence is the action performed using that means. Common nouns: アニメ (anime), ペン (pen), バス (bus), 日本語 (Japanese).
💡 Pro Tip: Do not confuse で (means) with で (location) or に (destination/target). For languages, both で and を are possible: 日本語で話す (speak in Japanese) vs 日本語を話す (speak Japanese). で emphasizes the medium, を emphasizes the object. Also, で is used for 'by myself' (一人で).
Examples
アニメで日本語を勉強しました。
Anime de nihongo o benkyō shimashita.
→ I studied Japanese through anime.
このアプリで漢字を練習できます。
Kono apuri de kanji o renshū dekimasu.
→ You can practice kanji with this app.

Rule 2: N1は N2が adjective

Structure: [Topic N1] は [Specific Aspect N2] が [Adjective]

Use this pattern to describe a specific characteristic or attribute of a broader topic. N1 is the general topic, N2 is the particular aspect being evaluated, and the adjective describes that aspect. Common in comparing languages, people, or objects.

How to use: Start with the overall topic + は. Then state the specific aspect + が. Finally, add the adjective (い-adjective or な-adjective + です). The adjective agrees with N2, not N1.
💡 Pro Tip: This pattern is very natural for 'troublesome' characteristics. Compare: '日本語は難しい' (Japanese is difficult – general statement) vs '日本語は漢字が難しい' (As for Japanese, the kanji are difficult – specific aspect). For multiple aspects, list them: 彼は背が高くて、足が速いです.
Examples
日本語は文字が難しいです。
Nihongo wa moji ga muzukashii desu.
→ As for Japanese, the characters are difficult.
このレストランは値段が高いです。
Kono resutoran wa nedan ga takai desu.
→ This restaurant has high prices.

Rule 3: Verbるのが adjective

Structure: [Verb-dictionary form] + のが + [Adjective]

Use verb dictionary form + のが to turn a verb action into a noun phrase (nominalization) and then describe that action with an adjective. This is how you say 'doing ~ is (adjective)'. The の acts as a nominalizer, similar to 'the act of ~ing'.

How to use: Take the dictionary form of the verb, add のが, then add the adjective. For な-adjectives, use なの instead of の? Actually pattern: verb + のが + adjective (い or な). For な-adjectives, you need な before の when the adjective is before the noun, but here the adjective is after のが, so it's fine: ~のが好きだ, ~のが簡単だ.
💡 Pro Tip: You can also use こと instead of の for more formal contexts, but の is more conversational. For adjectives like 好き, 嫌い, 上手, 下手, always use が with the adjective, and the verb is the subject. Compare: 日本語を話すのは楽しい (Speaking Japanese is fun) vs 日本語が話せる (can speak Japanese).
Examples
日本語は話すのが大変です。
Nihongo wa hanasu no ga taihen desu.
→ Speaking Japanese is hard.
漢字を覚えるのが難しいです。
Kanji o oboeru no ga muzukashii desu.
→ Memorizing kanji is difficult.

Rule 4: V-てもらえませんか

Structure: Verb て-form + もらえませんか

Use this pattern to politely ask someone to do something for you. It literally means 'Could I receive the favor of you doing ~?' and is softer and more respectful than ~て下さい. The potential form もらえますか is polite, and もらえませんか is even more polite.

How to use: Change the verb to て-form, then add もらえませんか. For casual requests, use ~てもらえる? or ~てくれない?. The subject (the person you ask) is often omitted or marked with に (e.g., 先生に教えてもらえませんか).
💡 Pro Tip: This is a very useful phrase for making polite requests in daily life. ~ていただけませんか is even more polite (using いただく, humble form). Use ~てもらえますか for a slightly less formal but still polite request. Remember: you ask for a favor, not command.
Examples
読み方を教えてもらえませんか?
Yomikata o oshiete moraemasen ka?
→ Could you teach me how to read it?
ちょっと待ってもらえませんか?
Chotto matte moraemasen ka?
→ Could you wait a moment?

Rule 5: ~方 (how to do)

Structure: Verb stem + 方

Add 方 (かた) to the stem of a verb to create a noun meaning 'the way/method of doing ~'. This is used to ask or explain how to do something. The resulting compound noun (e.g., 書き方) can take particles like が, を, or は.

How to use: First, make the verb stem by removing ます from the polite form (e.g., 書きます → 書き). Then attach 方 (かた). The new word means 'way of writing'. Use it in sentences: 書き方がわからない (I don't know how to write it).
💡 Pro Tip: This pattern works for most verbs, but some have irregular stems: 来る → 来方 (きかた). Also, する verbs: 勉強する → 勉強の仕方 (with の), though 勉強の仕方 is common. For 'way of using', 使い方 is very useful. For 'how to say', 言い方.
Examples
書き方がわかりません。
Kakikata ga wakarimasen.
→ I don't know how to write it.
この漢字の読み方を教えて下さい。
Kono kanji no yomikata o oshiete kudasai.
→ Please tell me how to read this kanji.

Exercises

Question 1

Choose the correct particle to complete the sentence meaning 'I studied Japanese through anime.'

アニメ______日本語を勉強しました。

Question 2

Choose the correct reading of 大学 to complete the sentence.

______に行きます。

Question 3

Complete the sentence meaning 'As for Japanese, the characters are difficult.'

日本語は______が難しいです。

Question 4

Choose the correct reading of 漢字 to complete the sentence.

______を勉強します。

Question 5

Complete the sentence meaning 'Memorizing kanji is difficult.'

漢字を覚える______難しいです。

Question 6

Choose the correct reading of 教える to complete the sentence.

日本語を______。

Question 7

Choose the correct polite request meaning 'Could you teach me how to read it?'

読み方を______もらえませんか?

Question 8

Choose the correct reading of 無料 to complete the sentence.

これは______です。

Question 9

Complete the sentence meaning 'I don't know how to write it.'

______がわかりません。

Question 10

What is the meaning of 説明する in '先生が説明する'?

Question 11

Choose the correct particle to say 'I go to university by bus.'

バス______大学に行きます。

Question 12

Choose the correct reading of 書く to complete the sentence.

手紙を______。

Question 13

Complete the sentence meaning 'This restaurant has high prices.'

このレストランは______が高いです。

Question 14

Choose the correct reading of 高校 to complete the sentence.

妹は______生です。

Question 15

What does '日本語を話すのが好きです' mean?

Question 16

Choose the correct reading of 練習 to complete the sentence.

毎日______します。

Question 17

Complete the polite request meaning 'Could you wait a moment?'

ちょっと______もらえませんか?

Question 18

Choose the correct reading of 言う to complete the sentence.

「こんにちは」と______。

Question 19

Complete the sentence meaning 'Please tell me how to read this kanji.'

この漢字の______を教えて下さい。

Question 20

What is the meaning of 貸す in 'ペンを貸す'?

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