Lesson 17: 映画を見に行きました – I Went to See a Movie (Past Tense)
Describing past experiences and activities
Learn vocabulary for talking about past activities, weekend plans, and describing experiences. This lesson focuses on past tense, entertainment activities, and expressing opinions about experiences.
Key topics:
- ・Talking about past activities
- ・Describing weekend plans
- ・Entertainment and leisure activities
- ・Expressing opinions and feelings
- ・Cultural events and places
- ・Using past tense verbs
Vocabulary
Conversation
Kanji
Grammar Rules
Rule 1: Talking about past actions politely
These expressions state something that happened in the past. They are used to talk about what one did on a day off. The positive past changes ~ます to ~ました, and the negative past changes ~ません to ~ませんでした.
| Form | Past Form |
|---|---|
| V-ます | V-ました |
| V-ません | V-ませんでした |
| ゆっくりします | ゆっくりしました |
| 運動します | 運動しました |
| 見ます | 見ました |
| 掃除します | 掃除しました |
| 行きます | 行きました |
| 買います | 買いました |
| ねます | ねました |
| 話します | 話しました |
| しません | しませんでした |
Rule 2: Saying you did nothing or went nowhere
These expressions emphasize a negative statement in the past. 何も with a negative verb means 'did nothing.' どこにも with a negative motion verb means 'did not go anywhere.' They are used to answer questions about what one did on a day off.
Rule 3: Describing past impressions with adjectives
These expressions state impressions about something that happened in the past. For ナ-adjectives, change ~です to ~でした. For イ-adjectives, change ~いです to ~かったです. いい is a special case: its past form is よかったです.
| Form | Past Form |
|---|---|
| まあまあです | まあまあでした |
| たいへんです | たいへんでした |
| いまいちです | いまいちでした |
| 楽しいです | 楽しかったです |
| いいです | よかったです |
| おもしろいです | おもしろかったです |
Rule 4: Saying what something was in the past
This expression is the past tense of a nominal sentence. It is used to talk about something that happened in the past. Change the end of the sentence from ~です to ~でした.
Rule 5: Saying something was not in the past
These are the negative forms of nominal and adjectival sentences in the past tense. They are used to discuss impressions or comments about something that happened in the past. ~なかった is used for negative past expressions. For nouns and ナ-adjectives, change ~じゃないです to ~じゃなかったです. For イ-adjectives, change ~くないです to ~くなかったです.
| Type | Past Form | Negative Form |
|---|---|---|
| Noun | 雨でした | 雨じゃなかったです |
| ナA | きれいでした | きれいじゃなかったです |
| イA | 楽しかったです | 楽しくなかったです |
Exercises
Question 1
'Yesterday, I watched a movie with a friend.'
きのう、ともだちと えいがを ______.
Question 2
'I didn't do anything on the weekend.'
しゅうまつは、なにも ______.
Question 3
How do you ask 'What did you do on the weekend?'
Question 4
'I didn't do anything on the weekend. I relaxed at home.'
しゅうまつは、______ しませんでした.うちで ゆっくりしました.
Question 5
How do you say 'I didn't go anywhere during summer vacation.'?
Question 6
'Last week's movie was very interesting.'
せんしゅうの えいがは、とても ______.
Question 7
How do you say '」Godzilla」was okay.'?
Question 8
'The weather was great.'
とても いい てんき ______.
Question 9
'Yesterday was a day off.'
きのうは、やすみ ______.
Question 10
How do you say 'It wasn't rain yesterday.'?
Question 11
How do you say 'This shop wasn't very quiet.'?
Question 12
Choose the correct reading of 日本語.
Question 13
Choose the correct reading of 百.
Question 14
Choose the correct reading of 千.
Question 15
Choose the correct reading of 万.
Question 16
Choose the correct reading of 円 in 五百円.
Question 17
Choose the correct reading of 休み.
Question 18
Choose the correct reading of 映画.
Question 19
Choose the correct reading of 勉強します.
Question 20
Choose the correct reading of 買います.
Question 21
Which is correct: 'I went to the aquarium for the first time. I saw jellyfish and penguins.'
Question 22
Which is correct: 'The movie was interesting, but the shop wasn't very quiet.'